As the geopolitical struggle between China and the United States intensifies across Asia, Indonesia faces threats ranging from Chinese regional domination to a potential Cold War turning hot. At the recent Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore, Dewi Fortuna Anwar, a top Indonesian foreign policy analyst, discussed Indonesia’s non-aligned stance with DW’s Richard Walker. In this article, we bring you the most important from the discussion.
Indonesia has historically sought to maintain strategic autonomy. Anwar emphasized that Indonesia hopes the United States and China will exercise wisdom and restraint to avoid escalating tensions. Indonesia’s history includes being a battleground for proxy conflicts, and today, Jakarta aims to pursue its objectives while maintaining good relations with both superpowers.
A significant issue is the South China Sea, where China’s expansive aggressive claims clash with those of several Southeast Asian nations, including Indonesia. Indonesia rejects China’s “nine-dash line,” which encroaches on its exclusive economic zone near the Natuna Islands. Despite strong economic ties with China, Indonesia has firmly defended its sovereignty.
Anwar highlighted instances where Indonesia has pushed back against Chinese incursions, demonstrating a commitment to upholding international law as per the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982. China’s aggressive tactics, such as unilaterally claiming vast areas and engaging in confrontational maneuvers with Indonesian naval forces, have raised significant concerns. These actions not only violate international law but also undermine regional stability and trust.
Indonesia’s response to these tensions includes seeking closer military ties with the United States while nurturing solid economic relations with China. This dual approach ensures that Indonesia does not become a pawn in the geopolitical chess game between Washington and Beijing. Anwar noted Indonesia’s expanded joint military exercises with the United States, reflecting a strategic move to bolster defense capabilities without aligning too closely with either superpower, Indonesia remains determinedly non-aligned.
Anwar pointed out that China’s aggressive policies and disregard for international rulings are counterproductive, driving regional countries closer to external powers like the United States for security assurances.
Indonesia’s non-aligned stance is not just a strategic choice, but a reflection of its commitment to maintaining strategic autonomy, peace, and regional stability. Jakarta navigates the complex geopolitical landscape, demonstrating its determination to protect its sovereignty and avoid getting entangled in external conflicts.
